diff --git a/package-lock.json b/package-lock.json
index a17cd5cf..1412ec82 100644
--- a/package-lock.json
+++ b/package-lock.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "yjs",
-  "version": "13.4.0",
+  "version": "13.4.1",
   "lockfileVersion": 1,
   "requires": true,
   "dependencies": {
diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index 794de5e6..573ef12c 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "yjs",
-  "version": "13.4.0",
+  "version": "13.4.1",
   "description": "Shared Editing Library",
   "main": "./dist/yjs.cjs",
   "module": "./dist/yjs.mjs",
diff --git a/src/utils/PermanentUserData.js b/src/utils/PermanentUserData.js
index 0bbb2ee1..29fd1f52 100644
--- a/src/utils/PermanentUserData.js
+++ b/src/utils/PermanentUserData.js
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ export class PermanentUserData {
           })
         })
       })
-      this.dss.set(userDescription, mergeDeleteSets(ds.map(encodedDs => readDeleteSet(new DSDecoderV1(encodedDs)))))
+      this.dss.set(userDescription, mergeDeleteSets(ds.map(encodedDs => readDeleteSet(new DSDecoderV1(decoding.createDecoder(encodedDs))))))
       ids.observe(/** @param {YArrayEvent<any>} event */ event =>
         event.changes.added.forEach(item => item.content.getContent().forEach(addClientId))
       )
diff --git a/tests/encoding.tests.js b/tests/encoding.tests.js
index 97f69245..65563e9d 100644
--- a/tests/encoding.tests.js
+++ b/tests/encoding.tests.js
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import * as t from 'lib0/testing.js'
+import * as promise from 'lib0/promise.js'
 
 import {
   contentRefs,
@@ -10,7 +11,11 @@ import {
   readContentType,
   readContentFormat,
   readContentAny,
-  readContentDoc
+  readContentDoc,
+  Doc,
+  PermanentUserData,
+  encodeStateAsUpdate,
+  applyUpdate
 } from '../src/internals.js'
 
 /**
@@ -28,3 +33,31 @@ export const testStructReferences = tc => {
   t.assert(contentRefs[8] === readContentAny)
   t.assert(contentRefs[9] === readContentDoc)
 }
+
+/**
+ * There is some custom encoding/decoding happening in PermanentUserData.
+ * This is why it landed here.
+ *
+ * @param {t.TestCase} tc
+ */
+export const testPermanentUserData = async tc => {
+  const ydoc1 = new Doc()
+  const ydoc2 = new Doc()
+  const pd1 = new PermanentUserData(ydoc1)
+  const pd2 = new PermanentUserData(ydoc2)
+  pd1.setUserMapping(ydoc1, ydoc1.clientID, 'user a')
+  pd2.setUserMapping(ydoc2, ydoc2.clientID, 'user b')
+  ydoc1.getText().insert(0, 'xhi')
+  ydoc1.getText().delete(0, 1)
+  ydoc2.getText().insert(0, 'hxxi')
+  ydoc2.getText().delete(1, 2)
+  await promise.wait(10)
+  applyUpdate(ydoc2, encodeStateAsUpdate(ydoc1))
+  applyUpdate(ydoc1, encodeStateAsUpdate(ydoc2))
+
+  // now sync a third doc with same name as doc1 and then create PermanentUserData
+  const ydoc3 = new Doc()
+  applyUpdate(ydoc3, encodeStateAsUpdate(ydoc1))
+  const pd3 = new PermanentUserData(ydoc3)
+  pd3.setUserMapping(ydoc3, ydoc3.clientID, 'user a')
+}